![]() Each finding was divided into three categories: incidental finding, normal finding and abnormal finding. ![]() Standardization was performed for terms for incidental findings and 6 incidental findings were finally selected and defined. Relevant literatures regarding these terms were searched and reviewed for consensus building.Ī consensus building session was held by five orthopedic surgeons (MSP, KML, KHS, SLY, and SGS) with 13, 11, 9, 8, and 4 years of orthopedic experience to select the incidental findings of knee radiographs in children and adolescents. Redundant terms for incidental findings were eliminated, leaving 8 for candidacy. In total, 818 literatures were searched and of these, 45 literatures were thought to be relevant for this study. One of the orthopedic surgeons (SGS) reviewed the abstracts and articles and the most commonly referred incidental findings were pooled for consensus building. Following terms were used for the literature search on the PubMed database: ("incidental finding" AND "knee" ) OR ("bone tumor" AND "knee" ) AND ("children" OR "adolescent" ) OR ("physiologic finding" AND "children" OR "bone" ). The selection of incidental findings was based on a review of the literature following a PubMed ( ) search. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate the prevalence and distribution of incidental findings from knee radiographs in children and adolescents according to age. Thus, there are some difficulties in distinguishing abnormal findings from normal findings in children.ĭespite the wide use of knee radiography in child and adolescent patients visiting the outpatient clinic and the awareness of incidental findings of the knee by many researchers, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13) there has been no analysis about the overall prevalence and the different types of these incidental findings. Unlike adults, children have physiologic bowing, open growth plates, and absent or only partial appearance of the ossification center. However, incidental findings unrelated to the patients' problems may be observed as well. 1, 2) The radiography of the knee is widely used by clinicians for the evaluation of knee problems, and abnormal findings such as fracture, osteomyelitis and malignancy can be diagnosed. Many children visit the pediatric orthopedic outpatient clinic because of knee problems such as pain and malalignment as one of their most common chief complaints.
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